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Assorted YouTube videos, How To ACTUALLY Learn Anything (The Feynman Technique)

How To ACTUALLY Learn Anything (The Feynman Technique)

You want to be more intelligent but are not sure how to do it.

You want better grades, or perhaps just want to sound clever when hanging out with your

friends.

But you find like a lot of other people that sometimes things go in one ear and come right

out of the other.

You learn stuff and then forget it, and when asked about various subjects it always seems

you can't articulate your thoughts when asked to do so.

You are not alone, and today we are going to offer you some help.

The man who will help us to become more intelligent is now deceased, but in his lifetime this

American physicist named Richard Feynman was quite well known for being able to explain

very difficult matters of science to laymen like us.

He kind of popularized science in his day, much like the British physicist Brian Cox

is busy doing today.

We should all try and understand the world around us, but at times we pick up a book

and are just completely overwhelmed by what we read.

We won't do a full biography of this dearly departed scientist, but will tell you that

in 1965 he won the Nobel Prize.

He was one of the guys that worked on the atomic bomb; he spearheaded the science of

nanotechnology and was a pioneer of quantum computing.

He has been called a certified genius and one of the greatest physicists that ever lived.

He wanted regular people to know a lot more about science and he came up with ideas as

to how they might learn more and be able to articulate what they know to others.

His method for learning stuff became known as the Feynman Technique, and while he was

a scientist his technique could work for any subject matter.

Let's say you want to wax about Greek philosophy in the bar over a beer, or you would like

to impress someone with your knowledge of the French Revolution, or perhaps just pass

a test in school.

This technique can help with all of that.

First of all let's look at something an American philosopher named Mortimer Adler

once said.

His wise words were, “The person who says he knows what he thinks but cannot express

it usually does not know what he thinks.”

So, you think you know quite a lot about something, say Blockchain technology or how a television

works.

Then we say to you, ok big brain, explain what you know.

You try and do this but can't seem to get it across and so just say something like,

“Well, I know, but I just can't explain it.”

We've all been in this situation.

According to Feynman this means you actually don't fully understand what you profess

to understand.

If you really understood it you could explain it in the simplest terms to someone else and

pass on the knowledge.

You see, Feynman believed that sometimes we can explain things with a bunch of words but

we don't really know what we are talking about.

He said there is a big difference between knowing the name of something and really actually

knowing something inside and out.

We might now look at something the great Oscar Wilde said, a man who is quoted perhaps more

than anyone.

He said, “I am so clever that sometimes I don't understand a single word of what I

am saying.”

We can sometimes think we know something and are able to regurgitate a book we read, but

we might not know what we are talking about intimately.

For Feynman we had to get past fuzzy knowledge and know something thoroughly.

Albert Einstein would have agreed, because he once said this, “If you can't explain

it simply, you don't understand it well enough.”

Ok, so how does it actually work?

First of all you have to have a topic, something you want to know more about.

Let's take a subject we have talked about in quite a few of our shows, and that's

how babies are made.

What happens before we are born; what happens to our bodies during the act that makes babies

and what happens during pregnancy.

If you've seen those shows you'll know it's all quite complex, but you certainly

don't have to be especially clever to be able to explain this to someone else.

Nonetheless, sometimes when you research a topic the words seem difficult.

If you want to really understand something, you must be able to read those words and then

simplify.

Feynman once famously said, “You may know the name of a bird in all the languages of

the world, but in the end, you will know absolutely nothing about whatever the bird is.

So, let's look at the bird and see what it does - that's what counts.

I learned early enough the difference between knowing the name of something and knowing

something.”

According to Feynman, we must start with a topic and then write down everything we already

know about this topic on a piece of paper.

You could of course use a computer, but let's first do this paper and then write it up after

on a device.

This will also help.

The second step is to take out all the jargon you just wrote down.

You now tell yourself that you are going to explain all this to a 12-year old, not your

friend who is in his twenties.

This means adding a lot of explanations.

In your case, you are describing what happens in a woman's body and so you must explain

all the body parts.

You can't just say “uterus” without explaining what it is and what its function

is.

This is a kid you are talking to, and you must take it that he doesn't know much.

According to Feynman, we often just use words we don't fully understand, and by pretending

we are explaining something to a child will really let us understand if we actually know

what we are talking about.

You will find when you do it this way there will be gaps in what you know.

You'll know some stuff well, but there will be parts of the subject you didn't know

that well, whether it is a woman's reproductive organs or Blockchain technology.

So, step two is to look at where those gaps are, where you couldn't properly relay the

correct information to your 12-year old student.

This is when you have to go back to the source material and learn again what you might have

read before.

Do some reading and then go back to your gap and fill it in using that simple language

your student can understand.

This will maintain a thorough understanding of the topic and prevent what some people

call the “illusion of knowledge.”

Now when you have filled all those gaps make sure of one thing, and that is all the language

is yours.

You haven't just borrowed it from a book, because 12-year old children wouldn't read

the books you were reading.

Read aloud what you have written down and if you think this student wouldn't get it

then simplify it again.

Do this until you are 100 percent sure your student will get what you are saying.

You have now taken something fairly difficult and made it very learnable.

Well done, you are becoming an excellent teacher.

Now comes the best part.

You actually have to teach a young student what you have learned.

You don't have to always do this of course, but if you want to really know you have understood

your subject matter then go out and teach someone.

It's one thing having something in your head and written down, but it's another

being able to convey that information so someone understands.

If you are studying for an exam, say on American Independence, then find someone younger than

you and explain to them what happened.

If they get it you have succeeded.

A 12-year old kid might not always remember how a television works after you have explained

it to him, but if that kid understands what you are saying because you have laid it out

so simply, you have done well.

There is a big difference from explaining things using jargon to explaining things in

the most basic language.

Feynman believed if we can't break something down we haven't actually properly learned

it.

You might think that some matters of science can't be broken down like this, but just

look at how that man we mentioned, Brian Cox, does it.

He is brilliant at taking very difficult subjects and making them interesting to us laymen.

He has said numerous times that Feynman is one of his heroes.

Like Feynman, Cox doesn't want to sound clever.

This is sometimes a problem in academia and it can alienate people from wanting to learn

something.

The truth is that clever people can make difficult things sound easy.

Feynman was once asked to write a lecture on why “one-half spin particles obey Fermi-Dirac.”

Hmm, you are thinking, there is just no way he could make that sound easy.

When he went back to the guy who had asked him to write that lecture Feynman said I can't

do it.

He then also said, I mustn't understand it if I can't do it.

So, if you can't explain your subject to a 12-year old maybe you just have to do more.

In matters of science, though, it might actually mean scientists don't yet fully understand

something.

Maybe you are still in school or university or maybe you just want to know something better.

Now is the time to take out a piece of paper and write down what it is you want to know.

You can now start the process we have talked about today.

We can assure you that this works and by using the Feynman Technique you can pretty much

learn anything you want.

Of course some books might already be difficult for you, but then you have to find a teacher

that has already used the technique and broken the subject matter down.

You see this a lot with philosophy.

You have people like Kant, Hegel and Nietzsche that are very difficult to understand, but

then you also have people that have written companions to their works to help you understand.

We actually found people online who used this technique to get through medical school, and

we found lots and lots of people who had used the technique to get through high school.

We found teachers and lecturers on forums saying how “incredibly effective” the

method was, and you can find people saying things such as this:

“All too often, we hear a lecture and can quote back parts of it verbatim.

That does not mean we understand the concepts, just the we have remembered the words.

The better test is to try to explain the concepts in your own words to someone who isn't in

your field, or as some have indicated, the proverbial 5 year old.

To do this we have to simplify the language and very often, use some sort of meaningful

metaphor.

If we struggle in doing this, then there is likely a hole in our thinking that needs to

be repaired before moving on.”

Have you ever used the Feynman Technique?

Will you start using it after watching this show?

Tell us in the comments.

Also be sure to check out our other video the Scientifically Proven Best Ways to Study.

Thanks for watching, and as always, don't forget to like, share and subscribe.

See you next time.

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How To ACTUALLY Learn Anything (The Feynman Technique) ||||||فاینمن| ||||||Richard Feynman| cómo||realmente||||| ||||||费曼| Wie man TATSÄCHLICH etwas lernt (Die Feynman-Technik) Cómo aprender REALMENTE cualquier cosa (La técnica Feynman) Comment apprendre VRAIMENT quelque chose (La technique Feynman) Come imparare davvero qualsiasi cosa (la tecnica Feynman) どんなことでも実際に学ぶ方法(ファインマンテクニック) Kaip iš tikrųjų išmokti bet ko (Feynmano metodas) Jak NAPRAWDĘ nauczyć się czegokolwiek (technika Feynmana) Como aprender REALMENTE qualquer coisa (A técnica de Feynman) Как ДЕЙСТВИТЕЛЬНО научиться чему-либо (техника Фейнмана) Herhangi Bir Şey Gerçekte Nasıl Öğrenilir (Feynman Tekniği) Як НАСПРАВДІ навчитися будь-чого (техніка Фейнмана) 如何真正学到任何东西(费曼技巧) 如何真正学习任何知识(费曼技巧)

You want to be more intelligent but are not sure how to do it. You||||||||||||| Quieres ser más inteligente pero no sabes cómo hacerlo. Quer ser mais inteligente mas não sabe bem como o fazer.

You want better grades, or perhaps just want to sound clever when hanging out with your |||meilleures notes|||||||||traîner avec||| |||academic performance|||||||intelligent or witty||||| ||||||||||||閒聊時||| |||voti migliori|||||||||frequentando|con|| |||نمرات بهتر|||||||باهوش||دور هم بودن||| |||||quizás|||||inteligente||pasar el rato|fuera de|| Quieres mejores notas, o tal vez sólo quieres parecer inteligente cuando sales con tu Você quer notas melhores, ou talvez apenas queira parecer inteligente ao sair com seu

friends. amigos.

But you find like a lot of other people that sometimes things go in one ear and come right |||||||||||||||耳邊風||| ||encuentras|||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||گوش راست بیرون||| But you find like a lot of other people that sometimes things go in one ear and come right しかし、他の多くの人と同じように、物事が片耳だけでうまくいくことがあります。 Mas você descobre, como muitas outras pessoas, que às vezes as coisas entram por um ouvido e dão certo

out of the other. do outro.

You learn stuff and then forget it, and when asked about various subjects it always seems |||||||||||مختلف|||| |||||||||||||||semble You always seem||||||||||||topics or fields||| |||||||||||||||sembra sempre Você aprende coisas e depois esquece, e quando questionado sobre vários assuntos sempre parece

you can't articulate your thoughts when asked to do so. ||exprimer clairement||||||| ||express clearly||||||| ||بیان کردن||||||| ||表達清楚||||||| ||清晰表达||||||| ||articular|||cuando||lo hagas|verbo auxiliar| você não consegue articular seus pensamentos quando solicitado a fazê-lo.

You are not alone, and today we are going to offer you some help. |||孤单|||||||||| Você não está sozinho e hoje vamos oferecer uma ajuda.

The man who will help us to become more intelligent is now deceased, but in his lifetime this ||||||||||||درگذشته||||| ||||||||||||||||durant sa vie| ||||||||||||passed away||||| ||||||||||||fallecido||||| ||||||||||||已故||||| O homem que nos ajudará a nos tornarmos mais inteligentes já morreu, mas em sua vida isso

American physicist named Richard Feynman was quite well known for being able to explain آمریکایی|فیزیکدان آمریکایی||ریچارد فیمن|||||||||| U.S.|American scientist||Richard Feynman|||||||||| |物理学者|||||||||||| |||Richard Feynman||||bien conocido|||||| ||||费曼||||||||| O físico americano chamado Richard Feynman era bastante conhecido por ser capaz de explicar

very difficult matters of science to laymen like us. ||||||profanes comme nous|| ||||||non-experts|| ||问题|||||| ||||||profani come noi|| ||مسائل دشوار علم||||غیرمتخصصان|| ||||||素人|| ||||||no expertos|| assuntos muito difíceis da ciência para leigos como nós.

He kind of popularized science in his day, much like the British physicist Brian Cox |||رایج کرد||||||||||برایان کاکس|برایان کاکس |||||||||||||Brian Cox|Brian Cox |||made widely known||||||||||Brian Cox|Brian Cox |||普及させた|||||||||||コックス Ele meio que popularizou a ciência em sua época, assim como o físico britânico Brian Cox

is busy doing today. |忙于|| |occupato|| está ocupado a fazer hoje.

We should all try and understand the world around us, but at times we pick up a book ||||||||||||||انتخاب کردن||| ||||||||||||||choisir||| |||||||||||||||prendiamo in mano|| Todos nós deveríamos tentar entender o mundo ao nosso redor, mas às vezes pegamos um livro

and are just completely overwhelmed by what we read. ||||کاملاً غرق شده‌ایم|||| ||||swamped|||| ||||圧倒されています|||| ||||abrumados|||| ||||感到不知所措|||| e estamos completamente impressionados com o que lemos.

We won't do a full biography of this dearly departed scientist, but will tell you that |||||زندگی‌نامه کامل|||عزیز از دست رفته|درگذشته|دانشمند فقید||||| ||||||||chèrement|cher disparu|scientifique défunt||||| |||||life story|||beloved|passed away|||||| |||||伝記||||亡くなった|||||| Não faremos uma biografia completa desse cientista falecido, mas diremos que

in 1965 he won the Nobel Prize. ||برنده شد||نوبل| |||||Prix Nobel Em 1965, recebeu o Prémio Nobel.

He was one of the guys that worked on the atomic bomb; he spearheaded the science of ||||||||||اتمی|بمب اتمی||رهبری کرد||| |||||||||||||a dirigé||| |||||||||||||led the development||| |||||||||||||guidò lo sviluppo||| |||||||||||||先導した||| Ele foi um dos caras que trabalharam na bomba atômica; ele liderou a ciência da

nanotechnology and was a pioneer of quantum computing. نانو فناوری||||پیشگام||کوانتومی|محاسبات کوانتومی nanotechnologie et pionnier||||||quantique|informatique quantique nanotech||||trailblazer||quantum computing principles|quantum computing pioneer |||||||コンピューティング nanotecnologia e foi um pioneiro da computação quântica.

He has been called a certified genius and one of the greatest physicists that ever lived. |||||تایید شده|نابغه تایید شده||||||فیزیکدانان||| |||||officially recognized|||||||scientific minds||at any time| |||||認定された|天才||||||物理学者||| Foi considerado um génio certificado e um dos maiores físicos de sempre.

He wanted regular people to know a lot more about science and he came up with ideas as ||عادی||||||||||||||| Ele queria que as pessoas comuns soubessem muito mais sobre ciência e teve ideias como

to how they might learn more and be able to articulate what they know to others. ||||||||||伝える||||| para saberem como podem aprender mais e serem capazes de articular o que sabem com os outros.

His method for learning stuff became known as the Feynman Technique, and while he was |روش او برای||||||||||||| O seu método para aprender coisas ficou conhecido como a Técnica de Feynman e, enquanto era

a scientist his technique could work for any subject matter. um cientista, a sua técnica poderia funcionar para qualquer assunto.

Let's say you want to wax about Greek philosophy in the bar over a beer, or you would like |||||حرف زدن||یونانی فلسفه|فلسفه یونانی|||بار|||آبجو|||| |||||s'étendre sur||philosophie grecque||||bar||||||| |||||Discuss enthusiastically||||||||||||| |||||discutere appassionatamente||||||||||||| 바에서 맥주를 마시며 그리스 철학에 대해 이야기하고 싶다고 가정해 보겠습니다. Digamos que você queira depilar sobre filosofia grega no bar tomando uma cerveja, ou gostaria de

to impress someone with your knowledge of the French Revolution, or perhaps just pass |تحت تأثیر قرار دادن||||||||||||عبور کردن |impressionner|||||||||||| |||||||||French Revolution insights|||| |感心させる|||||||||||| |||||||||||forse|| para impressionar alguém com os seus conhecimentos sobre a Revolução Francesa, ou talvez apenas para passar

a test in school. |آزمون درسی||

This technique can help with all of that. Esta técnica pode ajudar em tudo isso.

First of all let's look at something an American philosopher named Mortimer Adler |||||||||فیلسوف آمریکایی||مورتایمر آدلر|مورتیمور آدلر |||||||||||Mortimer Adler|Mortimer Adler |||||||||||Mortimer Adler|Mortimer Adler |||||||||||モーティマー| Antes de mais, vejamos o que diz um filósofo americano chamado Mortimer Adler

once said.

His wise words were, “The person who says he knows what he thinks but cannot express |خردمندانه||||||||می‌داند|||||| |||||||||sait||||||exprimer |Sage|||||||||||||| As suas sábias palavras foram: "A pessoa que diz que sabe o que pensa mas não consegue exprimir

it usually does not know what he thinks.” normalmente não sabe o que está a pensar".

So, you think you know quite a lot about something, say Blockchain technology or how a television |||||||||||فناوری بلاکچین|||||تلویزیون |||||||||||technologie blockchain|technologie blockchain||||télévision |||||||||||Blockchain technology||||| |||||abbastanza||||||||||| |||||||||||la cadena de bloques||||| Então, você acha que sabe bastante sobre alguma coisa, digamos, tecnologia Blockchain ou como uma televisão

works.

Then we say to you, ok big brain, explain what you know. |||||d'accord|||||| Depois dizemos-lhe, ok grande cérebro, explique o que sabe.

You try and do this but can't seem to get it across and so just say something like, |||||||به نظر رسیدن|||||||||| |||||||sembler|||||||||| Você tenta fazer isso, mas não consegue entender e então apenas diga algo como:

“Well, I know, but I just can't explain it.” "Bem, eu sei, mas não consigo explicar."

We've all been in this situation. Nous avons|||||situation Todos nós já estivemos nesta situação.

According to Feynman this means you actually don't fully understand what you profess ||||||||کاملاً||||ادعا کردن Selon||||||||||||prétendez comprendre ||||||||||||claim to know De acordo com Feynman, isso significa que você realmente não entende completamente o que professa

to understand.

If you really understood it you could explain it in the simplest terms to someone else and |||||||||||ساده‌ترین|اصطلاحات ساده‌ترین|||| |||||||||||plus simples|termes simples|||| |||||||||||most basic||||| Se realmente o compreendesse, poderia explicá-lo da forma mais simples a outra pessoa e

pass on the knowledge. transmitir os conhecimentos.

You see, Feynman believed that sometimes we can explain things with a bunch of words but ||||||||||||tas de mots||| ||||||||||||un mucchio di||| Feynman acreditava que, por vezes, podemos explicar as coisas com um monte de palavras, mas

we don't really know what we are talking about. não sabemos realmente do que estamos a falar.

He said there is a big difference between knowing the name of something and really actually ||||||différence importante||savoir||||||| Ele disse que há uma grande diferença entre saber o nome de algo e realmente

knowing something inside and out. ||à fond|| conocimiento|||| conhecer algo por dentro e por fora.

We might now look at something the great Oscar Wilde said, a man who is quoted perhaps more ||||||||اسکار وایلد|اسکار وایلد||||||نقل‌قول شده|| ||||||||Oscar Wilde|Wilde||||||cité|| |||||||||ワイルド|||||||| |||||||||||||||citado|| Podemos agora olhar para algo que o grande Oscar Wilde disse, um homem que é citado talvez mais vezes

than anyone.

He said, “I am so clever that sometimes I don't understand a single word of what I Ele disse: "Sou tão inteligente que, por vezes, não percebo uma única palavra do que digo".

am saying.” |« dis »

We can sometimes think we know something and are able to regurgitate a book we read, but |||||||||||استفراغ کردن||||| |||||||||||réciter par cœur||||| |||||||||||repeat from memory||||| |||||||||||暗記する||||| Às vezes podemos pensar que sabemos alguma coisa e somos capazes de regurgitar um livro que lemos, mas

we might not know what we are talking about intimately. |||||||||به‌طور عمیق |||||||||intimement |||||||||in detail |||||||||詳しく podemos não conhecer intimamente aquilo de que estamos a falar.

For Feynman we had to get past fuzzy knowledge and know something thoroughly. ||||||||||||به‌طور کامل |||||||vague|||||à fond ||||||move beyond|unclear or vague|||||completely |||||||vago|||||a fondo |||||||あいまいな||||| 파인만에게 우리는 모호한 지식을 넘어서서 무언가를 철저히 알아야 했습니다. Para Feynman, tivemos que superar o conhecimento difuso e conhecer algo completamente.

Albert Einstein would have agreed, because he once said this, “If you can't explain آلبرت انیشتین موافق بود|آلبرت اینشتین|||||||||||| Albert Einstein|Albert Einstein|||aurait été d'accord||||||||| Albert Einstein teria concordado, porque uma vez disse o seguinte: "Se não consegues explicar

it simply, you don't understand it well enough.” |simplemente|||||| Simplesmente, não a compreendem suficientemente bem".

Ok, so how does it actually work? Ok, então como é que funciona realmente?

First of all you have to have a topic, something you want to know more about. ||||||||sujet||||||| Em primeiro lugar, é preciso ter um tema, algo sobre o qual se queira saber mais.

Let's take a subject we have talked about in quite a few of our shows, and that's ||||||abordé|||||||||| |||un tema|||hablado|||||||||| Vejamos um tema de que já falámos em vários dos nossos programas: o

how babies are made. |نوزادان|| |comment les bébés||

What happens before we are born; what happens to our bodies during the act that makes babies ||||||||||بدن‌های ما|||||| |||||nés||||||||l'acte sexuel||| O que acontece antes de nascermos; o que acontece ao nosso corpo durante o ato que dá origem aos bebés

and what happens during pregnancy. ||||بارداری و تغییرات آن ||||grossesse et ses étapes ||||gestation period ||||妊娠 e o que acontece durante a gravidez.

If you've seen those shows you'll know it's all quite complex, but you certainly |si vous avez|||||||||||| Se viu esses espectáculos, saberá que é tudo muito complexo, mas certamente

don't have to be especially clever to be able to explain this to someone else. ||||particulièrement|||||||||| não precisa de ser especialmente inteligente para conseguir explicar isto a outra pessoa.

Nonetheless, sometimes when you research a topic the words seem difficult. با این حال|||||||||| Néanmoins|||||||||| それでも|||||||||| No entanto, às vezes, quando você pesquisa um tópico, as palavras parecem difíceis.

If you want to really understand something, you must be able to read those words and then Se quisermos compreender realmente algo, temos de ser capazes de ler essas palavras e depois

simplify. ساده‌سازی کنید Simplifier. Make simpler. 簡単にする

Feynman once famously said, “You may know the name of a bird in all the languages of ||مشهوراً|||||||||||||| ||célèbrement|||||||||oiseau||||| |||||||||||a bird's name||||| ||有名に|||||||||||||| Feynman disse uma vez: "Podemos saber o nome de um pássaro em todas as línguas do mundo.

the world, but in the end, you will know absolutely nothing about whatever the bird is. |||||||||absolument|||quoi que ce soit||| o mundo, mas, no final, não saberá absolutamente nada sobre o que quer que seja o pássaro.

So, let's look at the bird and see what it does - that's what counts. |||||||||||||compte Por isso, vamos olhar para a ave e ver o que ela faz - é isso que conta.

I learned early enough the difference between knowing the name of something and knowing |j'ai appris|||||||||||| Aprendi muito cedo a diferença entre saber o nome de uma coisa e saber

something.”

According to Feynman, we must start with a topic and then write down everything we already |||||||||||||tout ce que||déjà Segundo Feynman, devemos começar com um tema e depois escrever tudo o que já

know about this topic on a piece of paper. ||||||morceau|| saber sobre este tema numa folha de papel.

You could of course use a computer, but let's first do this paper and then write it up after É claro que pode utilizar um computador, mas vamos primeiro fazer este trabalho e depois escrevê-lo

on a device. ||دستگاه ||sur un appareil ||On a gadget.

This will also help. Isto também ajudará.

The second step is to take out all the jargon you just wrote down. |||||||||اصطلاحات تخصصی|||| |||||||||jargon|||| |||||||||technical terms|||| |||||rimuovere||||gergo tecnico|||| |||||||||専門用語|||| O segundo passo é tirar todo o jargão que você acabou de escrever.

You now tell yourself that you are going to explain all this to a 12-year old, not your Agora você diz a si mesmo que vai explicar tudo isso para uma criança de 12 anos, não para o seu

friend who is in his twenties. |||||بیست سالگی |||||vingtaine amigo que está na casa dos vinte anos.

This means adding a lot of explanations. ||||||توضیحات فراوان ||ajouter||||explications détaillées Isso significa adicionar muitas explicações.

In your case, you are describing what happens in a woman's body and so you must explain ||||||||||زن|||||| |||||décrire|||||du corps féminin|||||| ||||||||||female's|||||| No seu caso, está a descrever o que acontece no corpo de uma mulher e, por isso, deve explicar

all the body parts.

You can't just say “uterus” without explaining what it is and what its function ||||رحم|||||||||عملکرد ||||utérus|sans|expliquer||||||| ||||Womb|||||||||role or purpose ||||子宮||||||||| Você não pode simplesmente dizer “útero” sem explicar o que é e qual sua função

is.

This is a kid you are talking to, and you must take it that he doesn't know much. Este é um garoto com quem você está falando, e você deve assumir que ele não sabe muito.

According to Feynman, we often just use words we don't fully understand, and by pretending ||||||||||||||en faisant semblant De acordo com Feynman, muitas vezes usamos palavras que não compreendemos totalmente e, ao fingirmos

we are explaining something to a child will really let us understand if we actually know se estivermos a explicar algo a uma criança, isso permitir-nos-á realmente compreender se soubermos realmente

what we are talking about. do que estamos a falar.

You will find when you do it this way there will be gaps in what you know. ||||||||||||lacunes|||| ||||||||||||missing information|||| Quando o faz desta forma, vai descobrir que existem lacunas no seu conhecimento.

You'll know some stuff well, but there will be parts of the subject you didn't know Conhecerá bem algumas coisas, mas haverá partes da matéria que não conhece

that well, whether it is a woman's reproductive organs or Blockchain technology. |||||||تناسلی|اندام‌های بدن||| ||que ce soit|||||reproductifs|||| |||||||related to reproduction|||| |||||||生殖|器官||| eso||||||||||| bem, quer se trate dos órgãos reprodutivos de uma mulher ou da tecnologia Blockchain.

So, step two is to look at where those gaps are, where you couldn't properly relay the |||||||||||||||انتقال دادن| ||||||||||||||correctement|transmettre| ||||||||||||||accurately or effectively|convey accurately| ||||||||||||||適切に|伝える| |||||||||||||||trasmettere correttamente| Então, o passo dois é ver onde estão essas lacunas, onde você não pode transmitir corretamente o

correct information to your 12-year old student. اطلاعات صحیح|||||| corriger l'information|||||| informação correcta ao seu aluno de 12 anos.

This is when you have to go back to the source material and learn again what you might have |||||||||||محتوا||||||| |||||||||||matériel source||||||| É nesta altura que é preciso voltar ao material de origem e aprender de novo o que se pode ter

read before.

Do some reading and then go back to your gap and fill it in using that simple language |||||||||شکاف||پر کردن|||||| |||||||||lacune||remplir||||||Lire et remplir |||||||||blank space|||||||| Faça alguma leitura e depois volte para a sua lacuna e preencha-a usando essa linguagem simples

your student can understand.

This will maintain a thorough understanding of the topic and prevent what some people ||||کامل||||||جلوگیری کند||| ||maintenir||approfondie|compréhension approfondie|||||||| ||||Complete||||||||| Isso manterá uma compreensão completa do tópico e evitará o que algumas pessoas

call the “illusion of knowledge.” ||توهم دانش|| ||illusion de connaissance|| ||幻想||

Now when you have filled all those gaps make sure of one thing, and that is all the language ||||پر کرده‌اید|||||||||||||| ||||rempli|||||||||||||| Agora, quando tiver preenchido todas essas lacunas, certifique-se de uma coisa: toda a língua

is yours. |le tien

You haven't just borrowed it from a book, because 12-year old children wouldn't read |||قرض گرفته|||||||||| |n'as pas||emprunté|||||||||| |||preso in prestito|||||||||| Não o tirou simplesmente de um livro, porque as crianças de 12 anos não lêem

the books you were reading. |les livres||| os livros que estavam a ler.

Read aloud what you have written down and if you think this student wouldn't get it |با صدای بلند|||||||||||||| |à haute voix|||||||||||||| |Out loud|||||||||||||| Leia em voz alta o que escreveu e, se achar que o aluno não vai entender

then simplify it again. e depois simplificá-lo novamente.

Do this until you are 100 percent sure your student will get what you are saying. |||||pour cent||||||||| Faça isto até ter 100% de certeza de que o seu aluno vai perceber o que está a dizer.

You have now taken something fairly difficult and made it very learnable. |||||نسبتاً||||||آموختنی |||||assez||||||facile à apprendre |||||reasonably||||||easy to learn |||||||||||学びやすい Você agora pegou algo bastante difícil e o tornou muito fácil de aprender.

Well done, you are becoming an excellent teacher. ||||||عالی| ||||devenir||Excellent| Muito bem, está a tornar-se um excelente professor.

Now comes the best part. Agora vem a melhor parte.

You actually have to teach a young student what you have learned. ||||enseigner à||||||| É preciso ensinar a um jovem estudante o que se aprendeu.

You don't have to always do this of course, but if you want to really know you have understood É claro que não é necessário fazer sempre isto, mas se quiser saber realmente que compreendeu

your subject matter then go out and teach someone. a sua matéria, então saia e ensine alguém.

It's one thing having something in your head and written down, but it's another

being able to convey that information so someone understands. |||Transmettre|||||comprenne |||Communicate|||||comprehends |||Trasmettere||||| |||伝える||||| ser capaz de transmitir essa informação de forma a que alguém a compreenda.

If you are studying for an exam, say on American Independence, then find someone younger than ||||||امتحان||||استقلال آمریکا||||| |||étudier|||examen||||Indépendance américaine||||| ||||||||||独立||||| Se está a estudar para um exame, por exemplo, sobre a Independência Americana, procure alguém mais novo do que

you and explain to them what happened. e explicar-lhes o que aconteceu.

If they get it you have succeeded. ||||||成功した Se o conseguirem, foi bem sucedido.

A 12-year old kid might not always remember how a television works after you have explained |||||||||||||||توضیح داده‌اید Um miúdo de 12 anos pode nem sempre se lembrar de como funciona um televisor depois de lhe ter explicado

it to him, but if that kid understands what you are saying because you have laid it out |||||||||||||||expliqué|| |||||||||||||||spiegato|| para ele, mas se esse garoto entende o que você está dizendo porque você expôs

so simply, you have done well. muito simplesmente, fez bem.

There is a big difference from explaining things using jargon to explaining things in |||||||||gergo tecnico|||| Há uma grande diferença entre explicar as coisas usando jargão e explicar as coisas em

the most basic language. ||ابتدایی‌ترین زبان| ||la plus basique|

Feynman believed if we can't break something down we haven't actually properly learned Feynman acreditava que se não podemos quebrar algo que não aprendemos adequadamente

it.

You might think that some matters of science can't be broken down like this, but just ||||||||||réduits||||| Você pode pensar que alguns assuntos da ciência não podem ser divididos assim, mas apenas

look at how that man we mentioned, Brian Cox, does it. ver como o homem que mencionámos, Brian Cox, o faz.

He is brilliant at taking very difficult subjects and making them interesting to us laymen. ||درخشان|||||||||||| ||brillant|||||||||||| ||||||||||||||素人

He has said numerous times that Feynman is one of his heroes. |||بسیاری از||||||||قهرمانان او |||||||||||héros |||many||||||||

Like Feynman, Cox doesn't want to sound clever.

This is sometimes a problem in academia and it can alienate people from wanting to learn ||||||دانشگاه‌ها||||بیگانه کردن||||| ||||||le monde académique||||"aliéner"||||| ||||||academic world||||discourage||||| ||||||学界||||||||| Isso às vezes é um problema na academia e pode afastar as pessoas de querer aprender

something.

The truth is that clever people can make difficult things sound easy. |La vérité||||||||||facile

Feynman was once asked to write a lecture on why “one-half spin particles obey Fermi-Dirac.” |||||||سخنرانی|||||اسپین نیمه|ذرات اسپین نیم||فرمی-دیراک| |||||||conférence|||||spin demi-integer|particules à spin|obéissent à|Fermi-Dirac|Dirac ||||||||||||intrinsic angular momentum||follow|Enrico Fermi| ||||||||||||スピン||従う||ダイラク Certa vez, Feynman foi convidado a escrever uma palestra sobre por que “partículas de meio spin obedecem a Fermi-Dirac”.

Hmm, you are thinking, there is just no way he could make that sound easy. هومم، داری فکر می‌کنی||||||||||||||

When he went back to the guy who had asked him to write that lecture Feynman said I can't ||||||type||||||||||||

do it.

He then also said, I mustn't understand it if I can't do it. |||||نباید||||||| |||||ne dois pas|||||||

So, if you can't explain your subject to a 12-year old maybe you just have to do more.

In matters of science, though, it might actually mean scientists don't yet fully understand ||||however||||||||| Em questões de ciência, porém, isso pode realmente significar que os cientistas ainda não entendem completamente

something.

Maybe you are still in school or university or maybe you just want to know something better.

Now is the time to take out a piece of paper and write down what it is you want to know. |||||remove||||||||||||||| Agora é a hora de pegar um pedaço de papel e escrever o que você quer saber.

You can now start the process we have talked about today. |||||processus|||||

We can assure you that this works and by using the Feynman Technique you can pretty much ||vous assurer|||||||||||||| ||guarantee|||||||||||||| ||保証する|||||||||||||| Podemos garantir que isso funciona e, usando a Técnica Feynman, você pode praticamente

learn anything you want.

Of course some books might already be difficult for you, but then you have to find a teacher

that has already used the technique and broken the subject matter down. ||||||||||sujet traité|

You see this a lot with philosophy.

You have people like Kant, Hegel and Nietzsche that are very difficult to understand, but ||||کانت|هگل||||||||| ||||Kant|Hegel||Nietzsche||||||| ||||Immanuel Kant|No translation needed.||Nietzsche||||||| |||||ヘーゲル||ニーチェ|||||||

then you also have people that have written companions to their works to help you understand. ||||||||همراهان||||||| ||||||||compagnons explicatifs||||||| ||||||||guides or commentaries||||||| ||||||||解説書||||||| então você também tem pessoas que escreveram companheiros de suas obras para ajudá-lo a entender.

We actually found people online who used this technique to get through medical school, and ||||||||||||پزشکی||

we found lots and lots of people who had used the technique to get through high school.

We found teachers and lecturers on forums saying how “incredibly effective” the ||||مدرسان دانشگاه||انجمن‌ها||||موثر| ||||enseignants et conférenciers||forums|||incroyablement|efficace| ||||university instructors||online discussion boards||||| ||||講師||フォーラム|||||

method was, and you can find people saying things such as this: method was, and you can find people saying things such as this:

“All too often, we hear a lecture and can quote back parts of it verbatim. |||||||||نقل قول کردن|||||عیناً |||||||||citer verbatim|||||mot pour mot ||||||||||||||word for word ||||||||||||||testualmente ||||||||||||||逐語的に “Muitas vezes, ouvimos uma palestra e podemos citar partes dela literalmente.

That does not mean we understand the concepts, just the we have remembered the words. |||||||مفاهیم||||||| |||||||concepts -> concepts|||||retenu||

The better test is to try to explain the concepts in your own words to someone who isn't in

your field, or as some have indicated, the proverbial 5 year old. |رشته تخصصی شما|||||اشاره کرده‌اند||ضرب‌المثل‌وار|| |Domaine|||||indiqué||proverbial(e)|| ||||||suggested||Commonly referenced|| ||||||||おなじみの|| your field, or as some have indicated, the proverbial 5 year old. seu campo, ou como alguns indicaram, a proverbial criança de 5 anos.

To do this we have to simplify the language and very often, use some sort of meaningful ||||||||||||||une sorte de||significatif ||||||||||||||kind of||significant language elements

metaphor. استعاره در استعاره Métaphore

If we struggle in doing this, then there is likely a hole in our thinking that needs to ||luttons|||||||||lacune|||||| |||||||||probably|||||||| Se nos esforçarmos para fazer isso, provavelmente há um buraco em nosso pensamento que precisa ser

be repaired before moving on.” |تعمیر شود||| |réparé||| |fixed||| ser reparado antes de seguir em frente.”

Have you ever used the Feynman Technique?

Will you start using it after watching this show?

Tell us in the comments.

Also be sure to check out our other video the Scientifically Proven Best Ways to Study. ||||||||||علمی اثبات‌شده|اثبات‌شده|||| ||||||||||Scientifiquement prouvé|Prouvées scientifiquement|||| ||||||||||Based on science|||||

Thanks for watching, and as always, don't forget to like, share and subscribe.

See you next time.