Part 1. Chapter 1 - How the Vikings of Old Sought and Found New Lands |||||||buscaron|||| الجزء 1. الفصل 1 - كيف سعى الفايكنج القدامى ووجدوا أراضي جديدة Part 1. Chapter 1 - How the Vikings of Old Sought and Found New Lands Parte 1 Capítulo 1 - Cómo los antiguos vikingos buscaron y encontraron nuevas tierras Partie 1. Chapitre 1 - Comment les Vikings d'antan ont cherché et trouvé de nouvelles terres Parte 1. Capitolo 1 - Come i Vichinghi di un tempo cercavano e trovavano nuove terre 第1部第1章 古のヴァイキングはいかにして新天地を求め、発見したか 1 dalis. 1 skyrius - Kaip senieji vikingai ieškojo ir atrado naujas žemes Parte 1. Capítulo 1 - Como os vikings de outrora procuraram e encontraram novas terras Bölüm 1. Bölüm 1 - Eski Vikingler Yeni Toprakları Nasıl Aradı ve Buldu? 第 1 部分。第 1 章 - 古老的维京人如何寻找和发现新的土地 第 1 部分.第 1 章 - 古代维京人如何寻找和发现新大陆

In days long long ago there dwelt in Greenland a King named Eric the Red. ||||||lebte|||||||| ||||||había habitado|||||||| منذ أيام طويلة ، سكن في جرينلاند ملك اسمه إريك الأحمر. Há muito, muito tempo, habitava na Gronelândia um rei chamado Eric, o Vermelho. He was a man mighty in war, and men held him in high honour. ||||poderoso|||||||||honorabilidad كان رجلاً جبارًا في الحرب ، وكان الرجال يكرمونه. Era um homem poderoso na guerra, e os homens tinham-no em grande honra.

Now one day to the court of Eric there came Bjarni the son of Heriulf. |||||corte|||||Bjarni||||Heriulf وذات يوم جاء إلى بلاط إريك بيارني بن هيريولف. Now one day to the court of Eric there came Bjarni the son of Heriulf. Um dia, Bjarni, filho de Heriulf, chegou à corte de Eric. This Bjarni was a far traveler. كان هذا بيارني مسافرًا بعيدًا. Este Bjarni era um viajante longínquo. He had sailed many times upon the seas, and when he came home he had ever some fresh tale of marvel and adventure to tell. ||||||||||||||||||Geschichte||Wunder|||| لقد أبحر عدة مرات فوق البحار ، وعندما عاد إلى المنزل كانت لديه قصة جديدة من الأعجوبة والمغامرة ليرويها. Tinha navegado muitas vezes pelos mares e, quando regressava a casa, tinha sempre uma nova história de maravilha e aventura para contar. Birçok kez denizlere açılmıştı ve eve döndüğünde her zaman anlatacak yeni bir hayret ve macera öyküsü vardı. But this time he had a tale to tell more marvelous than any before. لكن هذه المرة كانت لديه حكاية أكثر روعة من أي قصة سابقة. Mas desta vez tinha uma história para contar mais maravilhosa do que qualquer outra. For he told how far away across the sea of Greenland, where no man had sailed before, he had found a new, strange land. Für||||||||||||||||||||||| لأنه أخبر إلى أي مدى عبر بحر جرينلاند ، حيث لم يبحر أحد من قبل ، وجد أرضًا جديدة وغريبة. Porque ele contou que, ao longe, no mar da Gronelândia, onde nenhum homem tinha navegado antes, tinha encontrado uma terra nova e estranha.

But when the people asked news of this unknown land Bjarni could tell them little, for he had not set foot upon those far shores. لكن عندما سأل الناس أخبارًا عن هذه الأرض المجهولة ، لم يستطع بيارني أن يخبرهم كثيرًا ، لأنه لم تطأ قدمه تلك الشواطئ البعيدة. Mas quando as pessoas perguntavam por notícias desta terra desconhecida, Bjarni pouco lhes podia dizer, pois não tinha posto os pés naquelas costas longínquas. Therefore the people scorned him. |||verachteten| |||despreciaron| لذلك احتقره الشعب. Por isso, o povo desprezava-o.

"Truly you have little hardihood," they said, "else you had gone ashore, and seen for yourself, and had given us good account of this land." ||||Tapferkeit|||||||an Land||||||||||||| ||||valentía|||||||||||||||||||| قالوا: "حقًا لديك القليل من الصلابة ، وإلا كنت قد ذهبت إلى الشاطئ ورأيت بنفسك ، وقدمت لنا حسابًا جيدًا لهذه الأرض". "Wahrlich, Sie haben wenig Zähigkeit", sagten sie, "sonst wären Sie an Land gegangen und hätten es selbst gesehen und uns einen guten Bericht über dieses Land gegeben." "Na verdade, tens pouca coragem", disseram eles, "se não tivesses ido a terra, e visto por ti mesmo, e nos tivesses dado boas notícias desta terra." But although Bjarni could tell nought of the new strange land, save that he had seen it, the people thought much about it, and there was great talk about voyages and discoveries, and many longed to sail forth and find again the land which Bjarni the Traveler had seen. |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||explorations||||||||||||||||| |||||nada||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ولكن على الرغم من أن بيارني لم يستطع أن يخبر شيئًا عن الأرض الغريبة الجديدة ، إلا أنه رآها ، فكر الناس كثيرًا فيها ، وكان هناك حديث رائع عن الرحلات والاكتشافات ، وتوق كثيرون للإبحار والعثور مرة أخرى على الأرض التي بيارني رأى المسافر. Mas, embora Bjarni não pudesse contar nada sobre a nova terra estranha, exceto que a tinha visto, o povo pensou muito sobre isso e falou-se muito sobre viagens e descobertas, e muitos desejavam navegar e encontrar novamente a terra que Bjarni, o Viajante, tinha visto. But more than any other in that kingdom, Leif the son of Eric the Red, longed to find that land. |||||||||||||||sehnte|||| ولكن أكثر من أي مملكة أخرى في تلك المملكة ، كان ليف ابن إريك الأحمر يتوق للعثور على تلك الأرض. Mas, mais do que qualquer outro naquele reino, Leif, o filho de Eric, o Vermelho, ansiava por encontrar essa terra. So Leif went to Eric and said: لذلك ذهب ليف إلى إريك وقال: Então Leif foi ter com Eric e disse-lhe:

"Oh my father, I fain would seek the land which Bjarni the Traveler has seen. ||||gern|||||||||| ||||gustosamente quisiera|||||||||| "يا أبي ، أنا أطلب الأرض التي رآها بيارني المسافر. "Oh meu pai, eu gostaria de procurar a terra que Bjarni, o Viajante, viu. "Ah babacığım, Gezgin Bjarni'nin gördüğü toprakları aramak isterdim. Give me gold that I may buy his ship and sail away upon the seas to find it." أعطني الذهب لأشتري سفينته وأبحر في البحار لأجده ". Dai-me ouro para que eu possa comprar o seu navio e navegar pelos mares para o encontrar." Bana altın verin ki gemisini satın alıp onu bulmak için denizlere açılayım." Then Eric the Red gave his son gold in great plenty. ثم أعطى إريك الأحمر لابنه الذهب بكميات كبيرة. Então Eric, o Vermelho, deu ao seu filho ouro em abundância. "Go, my son," he said, "buy the ship of Bjarni the Traveler, and sail to the land of which he tells." قال: "اذهب يا بني ، اشتر سفينة بجارني المسافر ، وأبحر إلى الأرض التي يرويها". "Vai, meu filho", disse ele, "compra o navio de Bjarni, o Viajante, e navega para a terra de que ele fala". Then Leif, quickly taking the gold, went to Bjarni and bought his ship. |Leif||||||||||| ثم أخذ ليف الذهب بسرعة ، وذهب إلى بيارني واشترى سفينته. Então Leif, pegando rapidamente no ouro, foi ter com Bjarni e comprou o seu navio.

Leif was a tall man, of great strength and noble bearing. |||||||||edel|Erscheinung ||||||||||actitud noble ||||||||||постава كان ليف رجلاً طويل القامة ، يتمتع بقوة كبيرة وتحمل نبيل. Leif era um homem alto, de grande força e porte nobre. He was also a man of wisdom, and just in all things, so that men loved and were ready to obey him. كان أيضًا رجل حكمة وعادلاً في كل شيء ، حتى أحب الناس واستعدوا لطاعته. Era também um homem sábio e justo em todas as coisas, de modo que os homens o amavam e estavam dispostos a obedecer-lhe.

Now therefore many men came to him offering to be his companions in adventure, until soon they were a company of thirty-five men. Jetzt||||||||||||||||||||||| لذلك جاء إليه رجال كثيرون يعرضون أن يكونوا رفاقه في المغامرة ، حتى سرعان ما أصبحوا مجموعة من خمسة وثلاثين رجلاً. Por isso, muitos homens vieram ter com ele, oferecendo-se para serem seus companheiros de aventura, até que em breve eram uma companhia de trinta e cinco homens. They were all men tall and of great strength, with fair golden hair and eyes blue as the sea upon which they loved to sail, save only Tyrker the German. |||||||||||||||||||||||||salvo|||| كانوا جميعًا رجالًا طويل القامة ويتمتعون بقوة كبيرة ، بشعر ذهبي فاتح وعيون زرقاء مثل البحر الذي أحبوا الإبحار عليه ، باستثناء Tyrker الألماني. Eram todos homens altos e fortes, com cabelos louros e dourados e olhos azuis como o mar em que gostavam de navegar, exceto Tyrker, o alemão.

Long time this German had lived with Eric the Red and was much beloved by him. |tiempo|||||||||||||| عاش هذا الألماني لفترة طويلة مع إريك الأحمر وكان محبوبًا جدًا منه. Durante muito tempo, este alemão viveu com Eric, o Vermelho, e era muito amado por ele. Tyrker also loved Leif dearly, for he had known him since he was a child, and was indeed his foster father. Tyrker|||Leif|queridamente|||||||||||||||padre adoptivo| أحب تيركر أيضًا ليف كثيرًا ، لأنه كان يعرفه منذ أن كان طفلاً ، وكان بالفعل والده بالتبني. Tyrker também gostava muito de Leif, pois conhecia-o desde criança e era de facto o seu pai adotivo. So he was eager to go with Leif upon this adventurous voyage. |||begeistert|||||||abenteuerlichen| |||ansioso por|||||||| لذلك كان حريصًا على الذهاب مع ليف في هذه الرحلة المغامرة. Por isso, estava ansioso por ir com Leif nesta viagem de aventura. Tyrker was very little and plain. |||||sencillo كان Tyrker صغيرًا جدًا وبسيطًا. Tyrker era muito pequeno e simples. His forehead was high and his eyes small and restless. كانت جبهته عالية وعيناه صغيرتان وقلقتان. A sua testa era alta e os seus olhos pequenos e inquietos. He wore shabby clothes, and to the blue-eyed, fair-haired giants of the North he seemed indeed a sorry-looking little fellow. ||desgastadas|||||||||||||||||||| ||потертий|||||||||||||||||||| كان يرتدي ملابس رثة ، وبالنسبة لعمالقة الشمال ذوي العيون الزرقاء ذوي الشعر الفاتح ، بدا حقًا زميلًا صغيرًا حزينًا. Vestia roupas surradas e, para os gigantes do Norte, de olhos azuis e cabelo louro, parecia de facto um rapazinho de aspeto triste. But all that mattered little, for he was a clever craftsman, and Leif and his companions were glad to have him go with them. ||||||||||artesano hábil||||||||||||| لكن كل هذا كان مهمًا قليلاً ، لأنه كان حرفيًا ماهرًا ، وكان ليف ورفاقه سعداء بزيارته معهم. Mas isso pouco importava, porque ele era um artesão inteligente, e Leif e os seus companheiros ficaram contentes por o ter com eles.

Then, all things being ready, Leif went to his father and, bending his knee to him, prayed him to be their leader. بعد ذلك ، وبعد أن استعدت كل الأشياء ، ذهب ليف إلى والده ، وثني ركبته له ، ودعاه ليكون قائدهم.

But Eric the Red shook his head. لكن إريك الأحمر هز رأسه. "Nay, my son," he said, " I am old and stricken in years, and no more able to endure the hardships of the sea." |||||||||afectado por la edad||||||||soportar||dificultades||| قال: "كلا ، يا بني ، أنا عجوز ومنكوبة منذ سنوات ، ولم أعد قادرًا على تحمل مصاعب البحر". "Yet come, my father," pleaded Leif, "for of a certainty if you do, good luck will go with us." |||||||||con certeza||||||||| توسل ليف: "مع ذلك ، تعال يا أبي ، من المؤكد أنك إذا فعلت ذلك ، فإن الحظ الجيد سيذهب معنا". Then Eric looked longingly at the sea. |||con anhelo||| His heart bade him go out upon it once again ere he died. ||le ordenó||||||||antes de que|| أمره قلبه أن يخرج عليها مرة أخرى قبل أن يموت. So he yielded to the prayers of his son and, mounting upon his horse, he rode towards the ship. ||cedió|||||||||||||||| فأذعن لصلاة ابنه وركب على جواده نحو السفينة.

When the sea-farers saw him come they set up a shout of welcome. |||navegantes||||||||grito|| عندما رآه البارعون في البحر قادمًا ، أطلقوا صيحة ترحيب. But when Eric was not far from the ship the horse upon which he was riding stumbled, and he was thrown to the ground. ولكن عندما لم يكن إريك بعيدًا عن السفينة ، تعثر الحصان الذي كان يركب عليه ، وألقي به على الأرض. He tried to rise but could not, for his foot was sorely wounded. |||||||||||severely| حاول النهوض لكنه لم يستطع لأن قدمه أصيبت بجروح بالغة.

Seeing that he cried out sadly, "It is not for me to discover new lands; go ye without me." إذ رأى أنه صرخ بحزن ، "ليس لي أن أكتشف أراضٍ جديدة ؛ اذهبوا بدوني." So Eric the Red returned to his home, and Leif went on his way to his ship with his companions. لذلك عاد إريك الأحمر إلى منزله ، وذهب ليف في طريقه إلى سفينته مع رفاقه.

Now they busied themselves and set their dragon-headed vessel in order. ||||||||con cabeza de dragón|embarcación|| الآن انشغلوا بأنفسهم وقاموا بترتيب سفينتهم التي يرأسها التنين. And when all was ready they spread their gaily-coloured sails, and sailed out into the unknown sea. ||||||||alegremente coloreadas||||||||| وعندما أصبح كل شيء جاهزًا ، نشروا أشرعتهم ذات الألوان المبهجة ، وأبحروا إلى البحر المجهول.

Westward and ever westward they sailed towards the setting of the sun. أبحروا غربًا وغربًا نحو غروب الشمس. For many days they sailed yet they saw no land: nought was about them but the restless, tossing waves. ||||||||||nada|||||||| لقد أبحروا لعدة أيام لكنهم لم يروا أرضًا: لم يكن هناك شيء حولهم سوى الأمواج المتقلبة المتساقطة. But at length one day to their watching eyes there appeared a faint grey line far on the horizon. ولكن في يوم من الأيام ، ظهر خط رمادي باهت بعيدًا في الأفق لعيون المراقبة. Then their hearts bounded for joy. |||saltaron|| ثم انغمست قلوبهم بالفرح. They had not sailed in vain, for land was near. لم يبحروا عبثا ، لأن الأرض كانت قريبة.

"Surely," said Leif, as they drew close to it, "this is the land which Bjarni saw. ||||||||||||||Bjarni| قال ليف وهم يقتربون منها: بالتأكيد هذه هي الأرض التي رآها بيارني. Let it not be said of us that we passed it by as he did." لا يقال عنا اننا مررنا به كما فعل ". So, casting anchor, Leif and his companions launched a boat and went ashore. |anclando|ancla|||||||||| لذلك ، قام ليف ورفاقه بإلقاء المرساة ، وأطلقوا قاربًا وذهبوا إلى الشاطئ. But it was no fair land to which they had come. لكنهم لم يكونوا قد جاؤوا إلى أرض عادلة. Far inland great snow-covered mountains rose, and between them and the sea lay flat and barren rock, where no grass or green thing grew. ||||||se elevaron||||||||||árido|||||||| ارتفعت الجبال الداخلية البعيدة المغطاة بالثلوج ، وبينها وبين البحر صخور منبسطة وقاحلة ، حيث لم ينبت أي عشب أو شيء أخضر. It seemed to Leif and his companions that there was no good thing in this land. بدا ليف ورفاقه أنه لا يوجد شيء جيد في هذه الأرض.

"I will call it Helluland or Stone Land," said Leif. ||||Helluland||||| قال ليف: "سأسميها هلولاند أو ستون لاند". Then he and his companions went back to the ship and put out to sea once more. ثم عاد هو ورفاقه إلى السفينة وأبحروا مرة أخرى. They came to land again after some time, and again they cast anchor and launched a boat and went ashore. |||||||||||||||||||to the shore |||||||un tiempo|||||||||||| وصلوا للهبوط مرة أخرى بعد مرور بعض الوقت ، ومرة أخرى ألقوا مرساة وأطلقوا قاربًا وذهبوا إلى الشاطئ. This land was flat. كانت هذه الأرض منبسطة. Broad stretches of white sand sloped gently to the sea, and behind the level plain was thickly wooded. |||||||||||||||||boscoso امتدادات واسعة من الرمال البيضاء منحدرة بلطف إلى البحر ، وخلف سهل المستوى كانت مشجرة بكثافة.

"This land," said Leif, "shall also have a name after its nature." قال ليف: "سيكون لهذه الأرض اسم بعد طبيعتها". So he called it Markland or Woodland. لذلك أطلق عليها اسم ماركلاند أو وودلاند.

Then again Leif and his companions returned to the ship, and mounting into it they sailed away upon the sea. ثم عاد ليف ورفاقه مرة أخرى إلى السفينة ، وصعدوا إليها وأبحروا بعيدًا على البحر. And now fierce winds arose, and the ship was driven before the blast so that for days these seafarers thought no more of finding new lands, but only of the safety of their ship. ||||||||||||||||||sailors||||||||||||||| ||||||||||||viento fuerte||||||||||||||||||||| وظهرت الآن رياح شديدة ، وقُادت السفينة قبل الانفجار حتى أن هؤلاء البحارة لم يفكروا لعدة أيام في العثور على أراض جديدة ، ولكن فقط من أجل سلامة سفينتهم.

But at length the wind fell, and the sun shone forth once more. |||||||||brilló||| لكن الريح سقطت مطولا ، وأشرقت الشمس مرة أخرى. Then again they saw land, and launching their boat they rowed ashore. ||||||putting in||||paddled to| ||||||||||remaron|

To the eyes of these sea-faring men, who for many days had seen only the wild waste of waters, the land seemed passing fair. |||||||||||||||||||||||extraordinariamente hermosa| Глазам этих мореплавателей, много дней видевших лишь дикие водные просторы, земля показалась прекрасной. For the grass was green, and as the sun shone upon it seemed to sparkle with a thousand diamonds. When the men put their hands upon the grass, and touched their mouths with their hands, and drank the dew, it seemed to them that never before had they tasted anything so sweet. |||||||||||||||||||rocío||||||||||||| So pleasant the land seemed to Leif and his companions that they determined to pass the winter there. They therefore drew their ship up the river which flowed into the sea, and cast anchor.

Then they carried their hammocks ashore and set to work to build a house ||||sleeping nets||||||||| ||||hamacas|||||||||

When the house was finished Leif called his companions together and spoke to them.

"I will now divide our company into two bands," he said, "so that we may explore the country round about. One half shall stay at home, and the other half shall explore the land. But they who go to explore must not go so far away that they cannot return home at night, nor must they separate from each other, lest they be lost." ||||||||||||||||||||||||||no sea que||| And as Leif said so it was done. Each day a company set out to explore, and sometimes Leif went with the exploring party, and sometimes he stayed at home. But each day as evening came they all returned to their house, and told what they had seen.

At length, however, one day, when those who had gone abroad returned, one of their number was missing, and when the roll was called it was found that it was Tyrker the German who had strayed. Thereat Leif was sorely troubled, for he loved his foster-father dearly. en ese momento||||||||||| So he spoke sternly to his men, reproaching them for their carelessness in letting Tyrker separate from them, and taking twelve of his men with him he set out at once to search for his foster-father. |||con severidad||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| But they had not gone far when, to their great joy, they saw their lost comrade coming towards them. |||||||||||||||camarada|||

"Why art thou so late, oh my foster-father?" cried Leif, as he ran to him. "Why hast thou gone astray from the others?" ||||desviado||| But Tyrker paid little heed to Leif's questions. |Tyrker|||atención||| He was strangely excited, and rolling his eyes wildly he laughed and spoke in German which no one understood. At length, however, he grew calmer and spoke to them in their own language. "I did not go much farther than the others," he said. "But I have found something new. I have found vines and grapes." |||vides|| "Is that indeed true, my foster-father?" said Leif.

"Of a certainty it is true," replied Tyrker. "For I was born where vines grow freely." This was great news; and all the men were eager to go and see for themselves the vines which Tyrker had discovered. But it was already late, so they all returned to the house, and waited with what patience they could until morning.

Then, as soon as it was day, Tyrker led his companions to the place where he had found the grapes. And when Leif saw them he called the land Vineland because of them. He also decided to load his ship with grapes and wood, and depart homeward. |||||||||||||hacia casa So each day the men gathered grapes and felled trees, until the ship was full. ||||||||cortaron árboles|||||| Then they set sail for home.

The winds were fair, and with but few adventures they arrived safely at home. There they were received with great rejoicing. ||||||gran regocijo Henceforth Leif was called Leif the Lucky, and he lived ever after in great honour and plenty, and the land which he had discovered men called Vineland the Good.

In due time, however, Eric the Red died, and after that Leif the Lucky sailed no more upon the seas, for his father's kingdom was now his, and he must needs stay at home to rule his land. ||en su momento||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| But Leif's brother Thorvald greatly desired to go to Vineland so that he might explore the country still further. Then when Leif saw his brother's desire he said to him, "If it be thy will, brother, thou mayest go to Vineland in my ship." |||||||||||||||verbo auxiliar||||||||| At that Thorvald rejoiced greatly, and gathering thirty men he set sail, crossed the sea without adventure, and came to the place where Leif had built his house. |||se regocijó||||||||||||||||||||||||

There he and his company remained during the winter. There he and his company remained during the winter. Then in the spring they set forth to explore the coast. After some time they came upon a fair country where there were many trees.

When Thorvald saw it he said, "It is so fair a country that I should like to make my home here." Until this time the Norsemen had seen no inhabitants of the land. But now as they returned to their ship they saw three mounds upon the shore. |||||||||||montículos||| When the Norsemen came near they saw that these three mounds were three canoes, and under each were three men armed with bows and arrows, who lay in wait to slay them. |||||||||||||canoas|||||||||||||||||| When the Norsemen saw that, they divided their company and put themselves in battle array. ||||||||||||||formación de batalla And after a fierce battle they slew the savages, save one who fled to his canoe and so escaped. ||||||||indigenous people||||||||||

When the fight was over the Norsemen climbed upon a, high headland and looked round to see if there were signs of any more savages. Below them they saw several mounds which they took to be the houses of the savages, and knew that it behooved them therefore to be on their guard. |||||montículos|||||||||||||||les convenía||||||| But they were too weary to go further, and casting themselves down upon the ground where they were they fell into a heavy sleep. ||||cansados|||||||||||||||||||

Suddenly they were awakened by a great shout, and they seemed to hear a voice cry aloud, "Awake, Thorvald, thou and all thy company, if ye would save your lives. |||awakened|||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||grito|||||||||||||||||||||| Flee to thy ship with all thy men, and sail with speed from this land." So Thorvald and his companions fled speedily to their ship, and set it in fighting array. Soon a crowd of dark-skinned savages, uttering fearful yells, rushed upon them. |||||||gritando||||| They cast their arrows at the Norsemen, and fought fiercely for some time. But seeing that their arrows availed little against the strangers, and that on the other hand many of their braves were slain, they at last fled. |||||fueron de poco uso||||||||||||||||||||

Then, the enemy being fled, Thorvald, turning to his men, asked, "Are any of you wounded?" "Nay," they answered, "we are all whole." "That is well, " said Thorvald. "As for me, I am wounded in the armpit by an arrow. Here is the shaft. |||eje Of a surety it will cause my death. ||seguridad||||| And now I counsel you, turn homeward with all speed. |||aconsejo|||||| But carry me first to that headland which seemed to me to promise so pleasant a dwelling-place, and lay me there. ||||||promising headland||||||||||||||| Thus it shall be seen that I spoke truth when I wished to abide there. |||||||||||||permanecer allí| And ye shall place a cross at my feet, and another at my head, and call it Cross Ness ever after." So Thorvald died. Then his companions buried him as he had bidden them in the land which had seemed to him so fair. ||||||||había ordenado||||||||||| And as he had commanded they set a cross at his feet and another at his head, and called the place Cross Ness. Thus the first white man was laid to rest in Vineland the Good.

Then when spring came the Norsemen sailed home to Greenland. And there they told Leif of all the things they had seen and done, and how his brave brother had met his death.

Now when Leif's brother Thorstein heard how Thorvald had died he longed to sail to Vineland to bring home his brother's body. So once again Leif's ship was made ready, and with five and twenty tall, strong men Thorstein set forth, taking with him his wife Gudrid. But Thorstein never saw Vineland the Good. For storms beset his ship, and after being driven hither and thither for many months, he lost all reckoning, and at last came to land in Greenland once more. |tormentas|asediaban|||||||aquí||||||||||||||||||| And there Thorstein died, and Gudrid went home to Leif.

Now there came to Greenland that summer a man of great wealth named Thorfinn. And when he saw Gudrid he loved her and sought her in marriage, and Leif giving his consent to it, Thorfinn and Gudrid were married. |||||||||pidió su mano|||||||||||||||

At this time many people still talked of the voyages to Vineland, and they urged Thorfinn to journey thither and seek to find out more about these strange lands. And more than all the others Gudrid urged him to go. So at length Thorfinn determined to undertake the voyage. ||al final|||||| But it came to his mind that he would not merely go to Vineland and return home again. ||||||||||simplemente||||||| He resolved rather to settle there and make it his home.

Thorfinn therefore gathered about sixty men, and those who had wives took also their wives with them, together with their cattle and their household goods. ||||||||||||||||||||ganado||||

Then Thorfinn asked Leif to give him the house which he had built in Vineland. And Leif replied, "I will lend the house to you, but I will not give it." |||||prestar|||||||||| So Thorfinn and Gudrid and all their company sailed out to sea, and without adventures arrived safely at Leif's house in Vineland. There they lived all that winter in great comfort. There was no lack of food either for man or beast, and the cattle they had brought with them roamed at will, and fed upon the wide prairie lands. |||||||||||||||||||paseaban libremente||||||||praderas amplias|

All winter and spring the Norsemen dwelt in Vineland, and they saw no human beings save themselves. Then one day in early summer they saw a great troop of natives come out of the wood. They were dark and little, and it seemed to the Norsemen very ugly, with great eyes and broad cheeks. The cattle were near, and as the savages appeared the bull began to bellow. ||||||||||el toro|||bramar And when the savages heard that sound they were afraid and fled. For three whole weeks nothing more was seen of them, after that time however they took courage again and returned. ||||||||||||ese tiempo||||||| As they approached they made signs to show that they came in peace, and with them they brought huge bales of furs which they wished to barter. ||||||||||||||||||||||||||intercambiar

The Norsemen, it is true, could not understand the language of the natives, nor could the natives understand the Norsemen; but by signs they made known that they wished to barter their furs for weapons. This, however, Thorfinn forbade. |||prohibió Instead he gave them strips of red cloth which they took very eagerly and bound about their heads. ||||||||||||||ataban||| Thorfinn also commanded his men to take milk to the savages. And when they saw it they were eager to buy and drink it. So that it was said many of them carried away their merchandise in their stomachs.

Thus the days and months passed. Then one summer day a little son was born to Thorfinn and Gudrid. They called him Snorri, and he was the first white child to be born on the Continent which later men called the New World. Thus three years went past. But the days were not all peaceful. For quarrels arose between the newcomers and the natives, and the savages attacked the Norsemen and killed many of them. |disputas||||||||||||||||||

Then Thorfinn said he would no longer stay in Vineland, but would return to Greenland. So he and all his company made ready their ship, and sailed out upon the seas, and came at length safely to Greenland.

Then after a time Thorfinn sailed to Iceland. |||un tiempo|||| There he made his home for the rest of his life, the people holding him in high honour. Snorri also, his son who had been born in Vineland, grew to be a man of great renown. |||||||||||||||||renombre notable

Such are some of the old Norse stories of the first finding of America. The country which Leif called Helluland was most likely Labrador, Markland Newfoundland, and Vineland Nova Scotia.

Besides these there were many other tales of voyages to Vineland. For after Leif and his brothers many other Vikings of the North sailed, both from Greenland and from Norway, to the fair western lands. Yet although they sailed there so often these old Norsemen had no idea that they had discovered a vast continent. They thought that Vineland was merely an island, and the discovery of it made no stir in Europe. |||||||||||||||alboroto|| By degrees too the voyages thither ceased. |gradualmente||||allí|cesaron In days of wild warfare at home the Norsemen forgot the fair western land which Leif had discovered. They heard of it only in minstrel tales, and it came to be for them a sort of fairy-land which had no existence save in a poet's dream. ||||solo||juglar|||||||||||||||||||||| But now wise men have read these tales with care, and many have come to believe that they are not mere fairy stories. They have come to believe that hundreds of years before Columbus lived the Vikings of the North sailed the western seas and found the land which lay beyond, the land which we now call America.