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If you save a little money now, you are still not a millionaire. Si vous économisez un peu d'argent aujourd'hui, vous n'êtes pas encore millionnaire.

If you splurge now, you still didn't go broke. Si vous faites des folies maintenant, vous ne vous êtes pas ruiné pour autant.

But keep doing this over time, and you'll see some real changes.

Almost half of all New Year's resolutions are about personal finances.

Only 16% of all New Year's resolutions succeed,

which means that many promises that we make ourselves

about both finances and other important topics, are broken.

That begs the question Cela soulève la question suivante

- Why is this so difficult?

Why do people continue making promises to themselves that they cannot keep? Pourquoi les gens continuent-ils à se faire des promesses qu'ils ne peuvent pas tenir ?

And, perhaps most importantly,

is there a way out of this infinite loop of disappointment? Existe-t-il un moyen de sortir de cette boucle infinie de déception ?

The answer to these questions lies within our habits. La réponse à ces questions se trouve dans nos habitudes.

This is a top 5 takeaway summary of Atomic Habits, Il s'agit d'un résumé des 5 principaux points à retenir d'Atomic Habits,

written by James Clear.

And this is The Swedish Investor,

bringing you the best tips and tools for reaching financial freedom,

through stock market investing en investissant sur les marchés boursiers

… and habits.

Takeaway number 1: The Aggregation of Marginal Gains 要点1：边际收益的聚合

You've heard the exceptions. 你听说过例外情况。

The entrepreneur who hit it big during his first year of business. L'entrepreneur qui a réussi dès sa première année d'activité. 这位企业家在创业的第一年就取得了巨大的成功。 那位在第一年创业时一炮而红的企业家。

The musician who won a contest and became an instant success Le musicien qui a gagné un concours et qui a connu un succès immédiat 赢得比赛并一举成名的音乐家 在比赛中获胜并一夜成名的音乐家

The person who guessed a correct string of numbers at the Powerball. La personne qui a deviné une suite correcte de numéros au Powerball. 在强力球中猜出正确一串数字的人。 在 Powerball 中猜对一串数字的人

These are stories of explosive wealth accumulation, Il s'agit d'histoires d'accumulation explosive de richesses, 这些都是财富爆炸式积累的故事， 这些都是关于爆炸性财富积累的故事

and, while they can sometimes be mesmerizing, et, bien qu'ils puissent parfois être hypnotisants, 虽然它们有时令人着迷，

they aren't really that reliable. ils ne sont pas vraiment fiables.

Let me ask you this:

Do you know of something that you can and will do

that is likely to improve your finances by 100% in a month? qui est susceptible d'améliorer vos finances de 100 % en un mois ?

No? Well, me neither.

Do you know of something that could improve your finances by 1%?

This is MUCH simpler.

It could be as straightforward as getting a credit card with some nice cashback, Puede ser tan sencillo como conseguir una tarjeta de crédito con una buena devolución de dinero, Cela peut être aussi simple que d'obtenir une carte de crédit avec un bon cashback, 可能就是简单地办一张带有返现优惠的信用卡，

moving money from a cash account to an index fund, Trasladar dinero de una cuenta en efectivo a un fondo indexado, transférer de l'argent d'un compte en espèces vers un fonds indiciel, 将资金从现金账户转移到指数基金， 将资金从现金账户转移到指数基金中，

figuring out how to monetize your hobby, averiguar cómo monetizar tu afición, trouver un moyen de rentabiliser son hobby, 弄清楚如何将您的爱好变现，

or just quitting that subscription service that didn't add much to your life anyways. o simplemente dejar ese servicio de suscripción que de todas formas no aportaba mucho a tu vida. ou tout simplement arrêter ce service d'abonnement qui n'apportait de toute façon pas grand-chose à votre vie. 或者干脆取消那些对你生活没有太大贡献的订阅服务。

The 100% improvement is the needle in the 1% haystack. La mejora del 100% es la aguja en el pajar del 1%. L'amélioration de 100 % est l'aiguille dans la botte de foin de 1 %. 100%的改进是1%大海捞针。 100% 的改善是 1% 干草堆中的一根针。

Don't try to find it. No intentes encontrarlo. 不要试图找到它。

Instead, just grab the haystack and go look for another one. En lugar de eso, coge el pajar y ve a buscar otro. Au lieu de cela, il suffit d'attraper la botte de foin et d'en chercher une autre.

In Atomic Habits, James Clear points out that En Atomic Habits, James Clear señala que

you need no defining moment to reach success, no necesitas un momento decisivo para alcanzar el éxito, 你不需要决定性的时刻来获得成功， 你不需要一个决定性时刻就能成功，

whatever success means to you. lo que el éxito signifique para ti. quel que soit le sens que vous donnez à la réussite. 无论成功对你意味着什么。

Instead, you need many small wins that aggregate over time. En lugar de eso, necesitas muchas pequeñas victorias que se acumulen con el tiempo. 相反，你需要许多随着时间累积的小胜利。

You need a ton of those tiny 1% gains, Necesitas un montón de esas pequeñas ganancias del 1%,

which are much easier to spot and act on, que son mucho más fáciles de detectar y de actuar en consecuencia, 这些更容易发现和采取行动的问题，

and over time, they'll accumulate. 并且随着时间的推移，它们会积累起来。

If you can improve your finances by just a single percentage point each month, Si puede mejorar sus finanzas un solo punto porcentual cada mes, 如果您每个月只能提高财务状况一个百分点，

and you keep on doing that, say, for the next thirty years, y sigues haciéndolo, digamos, durante los próximos treinta años,

you'll see some truly remarkable results.

$10,000 would become $359,496.41,

a 3495% improvement! ¡una mejora del 3495%!

James Clear refers to this as “the aggregation of marginal gains”. James Clear lo denomina "agregación de ganancias marginales".

This is a really similar concept to what we within financial circles call compound interest. Se trata de un concepto muy similar a lo que en los círculos financieros llamamos interés compuesto. Il s'agit d'un concept très similaire à ce que les milieux financiers appellent les intérêts composés. 这与我们在金融圈中称之为复利的概念非常相似。

And it works in the other way too. Y también funciona en el otro sentido. 它也可以用另一种方式运作。

If you move 1% in the wrong direction for too long, Si mueves el 1% en la dirección equivocada durante demasiado tiempo, 如果你在错误的方向上移动1％太久。

you end up in a terrible spot. acabas en una situación terrible.

This makes one thing strikingly obvious: Esto hace que una cosa sea sorprendentemente obvia: Il y a donc une évidence qui saute aux yeux : 这使得一件事变得非常明显： 这让一件事情显而易见：

It doesn't matter much where you are right now. No importa mucho dónde estés ahora. L'endroit où vous vous trouvez en ce moment n'a pas beaucoup d'importance. 现在所处的位置并不重要。

What matters is your trajectory. Lo que importa es tu trayectoria. Ce qui compte, c'est votre trajectoire. 重要的是你的轨迹。

That's because your current outcome is always a lagging measure of your habits. Esto se debe a que tu resultado actual es siempre una medida rezagada de tus hábitos. En effet, votre résultat actuel est toujours une mesure décalée de vos habitudes. 那是因为你当前的结果始终是你习惯的滞后衡量标准。 这是因为你目前的结果总是你习惯的滞后衡量。

A small change in your habits will drastically affect your life 你习惯上的微小改变会极大地影响你的生活

when you allow it to compound. cuando permites que se agrave. 当你允许它累积时。

The plane that takes off in New York lands in Stockholm instead of Moscow 从纽约起飞的飞机降落在斯德哥尔摩而不是莫斯科 从纽约起飞的飞机降落在斯德哥尔摩而不是莫斯科

if the pilot shifts the heading just 2.4 degrees north. si el piloto cambia el rumbo sólo 2,4 grados al norte. 如果飞行员将航向向北移动 2.4 度。 如果飞行员将航向向北调整2.4度。

But there is a catch. 但是有一个问题！ 但有一个问题。

Anyone who has ever failed a New Year's resolution Cualquiera que haya fracasado alguna vez en un propósito de Año Nuevo 任何曾经没有实现新年决议的人

knows all too well that motivation alone won't cut it. sabe muy bien que la motivación por sí sola no basta. sait trop bien que la motivation seule ne suffit pas. 太清楚了，单凭动力是不够的。

Afterall, then everyone would probably succeed with these things, Después de todo, entonces probablemente todo el mundo tendría éxito con estas cosas, 毕竟，那样的话，每个人都可能会在这些事情上成功，

but the fact is that we are all very conservative with our energy. pero el hecho es que todos somos muy conservadores con nuestra energía. 但事实是，我们在精力方面都非常保守。

Translation: we are lazy.

We shall soon look at a 4-step model that will make you much more likely to succeed Pronto veremos un modelo de 4 pasos que le hará tener muchas más probabilidades de éxito

with any new type of habits,

but first, we shall talk about why most of your old New Year's resolutions

were doomed right from the get-go. estaban condenados desde el principio. étaient condamnés dès le départ. 我们从一开始就注定要失败。

Takeaway number 2: Systems » Goals Conclusión número 2: Sistemas " Objetivos 第二个要点：系统》目标

Conventional wisdom tells us to set smart goals. La sabiduría convencional nos dice que fijemos objetivos inteligentes. 传统智慧告诉我们要设定明智的目标。

That's S M A R T with capital letters:

specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and time-bound. específicas, mensurables, alcanzables, pertinentes y sujetas a plazos. 具体的，可衡量的，可实现的，相关的和有时间限制的。

If we follow this advice, 如果我们遵循这些建议，

your SMART New Year's resolution might look something like this: tu propósito SMART de Año Nuevo podría ser algo así: 您的智能新年计划可能如下所示：

"By the end of this year, I will make sure that my savings account holds $20,000.” "Para finales de este año, me aseguraré de que mi cuenta de ahorros tenga 20.000 dólares".

It does sound like a good idea, Parece una buena idea,

but James Clear explains that even smart goals are actually dumb, pero James Clear explica que incluso los objetivos inteligentes son en realidad tontos,

especially for achieving long-term success and aggregation of marginal gains. especialmente para lograr el éxito a largo plazo y la agregación de ganancias marginales. 特别是为了实现长期成功和边际收益的聚合。

Here's why: 为什么呢：

- Goals are, per definition, only temporary changes. - Los objetivos son, por definición, sólo cambios temporales. - 目标根据定义只是暂时的改变。

$20,000 is quite a bit of money, 20.000 dólares es bastante dinero,

but it's not match for a spendthrift to burn through. pero no es rival para un derrochador. mais ce n'est pas suffisant pour qu'un dépensier s'en mette plein les poches. 但挥霍者烧钱却不是最好的选择。

- Goals are not very motivating. - Los objetivos no son muy motivadores. - 目标并不是非常激励人的。

After you've reached your goal, you've won the game. Cuando hayas alcanzado tu objetivo, habrás ganado la partida. 当你达到目标时，你赢得了比赛。

As Warren Buffett likes to ask:

“… and then what?”

- Goals restrict your happiness.

In a sense, you are telling yourself that you aren't satisfied until X happens. En cierto sentido, te estás diciendo a ti mismo que no estarás satisfecho hasta que ocurra X.

Happiness shouldn't only be for your future self! La felicidad no debe ser sólo para tu futuro yo. 幸福不应该只留给未来的自己！

Instead, we want to turn that goal on its head and ask the following: En su lugar, queremos darle la vuelta a ese objetivo y preguntarnos lo siguiente: 相反，我们希望打破这一目标，提出以下问题：

“What makes it so that I can have $20,000 in my savings account by the end of the year?” "¿Qué hace que pueda tener 20.000 dólares en mi cuenta de ahorros a final de año?". “是什么让我能在年底时在我的储蓄账户中有2万美元？”

Take note of the process, the system, that will get you there. Toma nota del proceso, del sistema, que te llevará hasta allí. 注意一下那个会让你成功的过程、系统。

If nothing pops up, try to imagine a person who can get there, imaginative or real. Si no aparece nada, intenta imaginar a una persona que pueda llegar hasta allí, imaginativa o real. 如果没有想法，试着想象一个能够成功的人，无论是虚构的还是真实的。

What does this person do on a daily basis? 这个人每天都在做些什么？

And – just as importantly Y, lo que es igual de importante

- what does this person NOT do?

This person probably doesn't wait until the end of the month to see if there's some Es probable que esta persona no espere hasta final de mes para ver si hay algún

money left over to put towards investment, dinero sobrante para invertir,

but rather, that's the first thing he does sino que es lo primero que hace

when he gets his paycheck. cuando reciba su paga.

He probably doesn't watch too many reality series, but instead, Probablemente no ve demasiadas series de telerrealidad, pero en cambio, 他可能并不经常看现实节目，而更喜欢

he consumes information that makes him wiser consume información que le hace más sabio

and that benefits him in the long run.

Moreover, he doesn't invest aimlessly, Además, no invierte sin rumbo, De plus, il n'investit pas à tort et à travers, 此外，他并不盲目投资，

picking up the stocks of the latest fad that his colleagues at work recommend recogiendo las existencias de la última moda que recomiendan sus compañeros de trabajo 不会随便购买工作同事推荐的最新潮股票

or that he heard about on Reddit. o que escuchó en Reddit. 或者在Reddit上听说的股票。

Instead, he invests with a purpose and a strategy. En cambio, invierte con un propósito y una estrategia. 相反，他有目的地、有策略地投资。

Do you think that a person with these habits ¿Crees que una persona con estos hábitos 您认为一个有这些习惯的人

- with this system - can accumulate $20,000? - 运用这一系统 - 可以积累2万美元吗？

Of course, and he doesn't even have to set it as a goal. Por supuesto, y ni siquiera tiene que fijárselo como objetivo. Bien sûr, et il n'a même pas besoin d'en faire un objectif.

He will reach it anyways, because he already knows how to play. Lo alcanzará de todos modos, porque ya sabe jugar. Il y parviendra de toute façon, car il sait déjà jouer.

According to Super Bowl winner Bill Walsh:

“The score takes care of itself.” "La puntuación se cuida sola". "Le score se fait tout seul.

The purpose of a goal is to win the game, El objetivo de un gol es ganar el partido,

but the purpose of a system is that you continue playing the game.

To get as many reps as possible. Conseguir tantas repeticiones como sea posible. Obtenir le plus grand nombre de répétitions possible.

Ultimately, it's reps in a properly constructed system that is driving success anyways. En última instancia, son las repeticiones en un sistema correctamente construido las que impulsan el éxito de todos modos. 归根结底，驱动成功的是一个正确构建的系统中的反复练习。

So now I think it's time to learn how to keep playing. 所以现在我认为是时候学习如何保持持续进步。

Takeaway number 3: The 4-Step Model of Habits 第三个要点：习惯的4步模型

If you've ever wondered why you cannot stick to the habits Si alguna vez se ha preguntado por qué no puede seguir los hábitos

that will transform you into the person you want to become,

the answer lies in one of these four:

Cue, craving, response, reward. Pista, ansia, respuesta, recompensa. 提示，渴望，反应，奖励。

Biologically, we are wired so that when we are put in a certain context (cue), Biológicamente, estamos programados para que cuando nos pongan en un contexto determinado (cue), 从生物学角度来看，当我们置身于特定环境（提示）时，

we want to feel something (craving), queremos sentir algo (ansia), 我们希望感受到某种情绪（渴望）

which gets us to act (response),

and finally, getting what we craved for (reward). 最后，得到我们渴望的东西（奖励）。

For each rep, for each successful cycle in this loop, Para cada repetición, para cada ciclo con éxito en este bucle, 对于每个做完的动作，对于这个循环中每个成功的阶段，

your habits become more and more internalized and easier to perform. 你的习惯会变得越来越内在化，执行起来也会变得更容易。

The link between cue and reward becomes more obvious,

which can be both an advantage and a disadvantage, lo que puede ser tanto una ventaja como un inconveniente,

depending on the value that you attach to a certain action.

Before getting into the loop, you need to take inventory. Antes de entrar en materia, hay que hacer inventario. Avant d'entrer dans la boucle, il faut faire l'inventaire.

Create a “Habits Scorecard” where you write down what you do in a day Crea un "Cuadro de mando de hábitos" donde anotes lo que haces al día

with a + (positive), = (neutral) or – (negative) next to each habit, con un + (positivo), = (neutro) o - (negativo) al lado de cada hábito, 对于每个习惯，标有+（积极）、=（中立）或-（消极）。

depending on if the habit is turning you into the person you want to be or not.

Now, you are ready to go. Ahora, ya está listo.

The most powerful cues that exist are time and place. Los indicios más poderosos que existen son el tiempo y el lugar. 存在的最强大线索是时间和地点。

You want to make cues that lead to positive habits obvious Quieres hacer evidentes las señales que conducen a hábitos positivos 你想要制定能够导致积极习惯的线索变得显而易见

and those that lead to negative behaviour invisible. y las que conducen a comportamientos negativos invisibles. 而那些导致消极行为的线索则应该变得隐形。

For example, maybe you've noticed on your Habits Scorecard that if you're at the bar

with a certain group of friends right after receiving your paycheck, 收到工资后与一群特定的朋友在一起，

you tend to … show off a bit. tiendes a... presumir un poco. 你会倾向于... 稍微炫耀一下。

You want to be “the king of the bar” 你想要成为“酒吧之王”

as the Swedish musician Magnus Uggla sings.

Well, then you need to change things up. Entonces tienes que cambiar las cosas.

If you change the time or the place, Si cambias la hora o el lugar,

you may have changed the cue so much puede que hayas cambiado tanto el taco

that you will no longer indulge in this financially destructive behaviour. que no volverás a caer en este comportamiento financieramente destructivo.

For positive habits, make it obvious,

and there's a powerful method for this which James Clear calls habit stacking.

It looks something like this:

“After [CURRENT HABIT] I will [NEW HABIT]”.

Oftentimes this has both time and place built into it, thanks to your current habit. A menudo, esto tiene tanto el tiempo como el lugar incorporados, gracias a su hábito actual.

With that cup of coffee that you make yourself at home in the morning, Con esa taza de café que te preparas en casa por las mañanas,

you can learn about personal finance and investing by watching an episode of The Swedish Investor. puede aprender sobre finanzas personales e inversión viendo un episodio de El inversor sueco. 通过观看《瑞典投资者》的一集节目，你可以了解有关个人财务和投资的知识。

Too self-serving? Well, read the damn Economist then. Trop égoïste ? Alors lisez ce foutu Economist. 太自私了？那么就去读《经济学人》吧。

The next step is craving, 下一步是渴望。

and you crave what is attractive to you, and avoid what is unattractive.

Therefore, you need to make positive habits attractive and negative habits unattractive.

This can be done through as little as reframing your mindset about a few things. 这可以通过重新调整你对一些事物的思维方式来完成。

For instance, when you see someone with an expensive car 例如，当你看到有人开着一辆昂贵的车时

(which is not a good idea for your wallet right now), （这对你的钱包现在来说并不是一个好主意）

instead of thinking

“wow, this person must be so successful, because otherwise, he couldn't have afforded that car” “哇，这个人肯定很成功，否则他买不起那辆车”

you can think 你可以这样想

“wow, this person is probably pretty squeezed right now because he spent that much on a car.” “哇，这个人现在可能会感到很紧张，因为他在一辆车上花了那么多钱。”

Such a mindset makes splurging less attractive. 这种心态会让铺张浪费变得不那么吸引人。

It could also mean that you pair some short-term reward Cela peut également signifier que vous avez besoin d'une récompense à court terme. 这也可能意味着你把一些短期奖励与那些只有从长远角度看才有回报的习惯结合起来。

with habits that otherwise just pay off in the long run. avec des habitudes qui s'avèrent payantes à long terme. 这也可能意味着你把一些短期奖励与那些只有从长远角度看才有回报的习惯结合起来。

Warren Buffett has mastered this by making reading annual reports of stock market companies more attractive. Warren Buffett est passé maître en la matière en rendant la lecture des rapports annuels des entreprises boursières plus attrayante. 沃伦·巴菲特通过阅读股市公司的年度报告，使其更加吸引人。

While reading, he gets to have an unlimited amount of Coke. 在阅读的同时，他可以随时喝无限量的可乐。

Alright, I made this up, but the man does drink a ton of Coke, 好吧，我编造了这个故事，但这个人确实喝了很多可乐。

and he does read a ton of annual reports. 他确实会阅读大量的年度报告。

Thirdly, we have the response. 第三，我们有回应。

You want the response to be easy for good habits and difficult for bad ones. 你希望回应对良好习惯来说是容易的，对不良习惯来说是困难的。

James Clear gives a ton of great examples on how to do this in his book,

and I think that the most powerful one that we can talk about in conjunction with financial habits is the lock-out. et je pense que le plus puissant d'entre eux, en relation avec les habitudes financières, est le lock-out. 我认为，与财务习惯相结合讨论的最有力的一个习惯是锁定。

If you have a tendency to come home with more than you expected every time you visit the mall, 如果您每次逛商场都会带着比预期更多的东西回家的倾向，

then start bringing just enough cash for the purchase you planned, but no more. 那么开始只带足够购买计划中商品的现金，而不要多带。

You can do similar things to lock-in good behaviours, but there's another powerful technique too.

This is to downscale every new habit into a lesser version of itself. Il s'agit de réduire chaque nouvelle habitude à une version inférieure d'elle-même. 这是将每个新习惯都缩小为更小的版本。

Staying up until midnight working on your side-business before waking up at 6 AM for work Rester éveillé jusqu'à minuit pour travailler sur son activité secondaire avant de se lever à 6 heures du matin pour aller travailler. 在午夜之前继续工作你的副业，然后在早上6点起床上班

becomes doing something for your side-business for 5 minutes after finishing dinner. devient de faire quelque chose pour votre activité secondaire pendant 5 minutes après avoir terminé le dîner. 变成在晚饭后为你的副业做5分钟的事情。

Setting aside 40% of your income towards investments each month becomes setting aside $100. En consacrant 40 % de votre revenu à des investissements chaque mois, vous mettez 100 $ de côté. 每个月将40%的收入用于投资，就变成了每个月存下100美元。

The point is to show up, to get in reps, and make it more likely to show up by not committing L'objectif est de se présenter, de faire des répétitions, et de faire en sorte qu'il soit plus facile de se présenter en ne s'engageant pas. 重要的是出现，进行重复练习，并通过不过早进行承诺来增加出现的可能性

to too much already from the start.. 从一开始就不要承担太多。

Most people would rather dream about running a marathon La plupart des gens préfèrent rêver de courir un marathon

than actually tying their running shoes. que d'attacher leurs chaussures de course.

But you need to have confidence in the snowball that you are creating by starting out small. Mais vous devez avoir confiance dans la boule de neige que vous créez en commençant modestement.

Finally, there's the reward, and positive habits should have satisfactory rewards Enfin, il y a la récompense, et les habitudes positives doivent être récompensées de manière satisfaisante

while negative habits should have unsatisfactory ones. 虽然消极习惯应该有不满意的地方。

A surprisingly satisfactory tool to use is the streak. La mèche est un outil étonnamment satisfaisant à utiliser. 使用的一个令人惊喜地满意的工具是连珠。

It also works in the opposite direction; 它也可以在相反的方向工作；

I truly hate breaking my streaks. Je déteste vraiment interrompre mes séries. 我真的很讨厌打破我的连胜。 我真的讨厌破坏我的连珠。

The keyword here is visuals. 这里的关键词是视觉。

Put up an almanac on your fridge and make a clear green checkmark 在冰箱上张贴一本年鉴，并在你没有把手伸到饼干罐里的每一天画上明显的绿色勾号

on every day that you, for instance, did not end up with your hand in the cookie jar, 例如

ie. taking money out of your investment account for personal consumption. npr.|||||||||| IE。从您的投资账户中取出资金用于个人消费。 比如从您的投资账户中取钱用于个人消费。

If you did, make a big red cross. 如果您这样做了，请标上一个大红叉。

But do not miss twice. 但不要错过两次。

If you can get these four right,

you are MUCH more likely to stick with the habits you wish to have and avoid those you do not want.